Dry eye is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Although this condition may seem minor, it can significantly impact quality of life, causing discomfort and disrupting vision.
Possible causes of dry eyes
Dry eyes can be attributed to various causes, from environmental factors to underlying medical conditions. Here are some of the most common causes:
Environmental factors
- Air conditioning and heating: Air conditioning, radiators, and fans can reduce humidity and dry out the eyes.
- Weather conditions: Wind, cold and dry climates can also contribute to dry eyes.
Prolonged use of screens
- Spending long hours in front of a computer, tablet, or smartphone can reduce blinking frequency, leading to excessive tear evaporation.
Aging
- With age, tear production tends to decline, increasing the risk of dry eyes, particularly in people over 50.
Wearing contact lenses
- Contact lenses can absorb moisture from the eyes, leading to a sensation of dryness.
Medication
- Certain medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants and blood pressure medications, can have side effects that reduce tear production.
Medical conditions
- Conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome, diabetes, thyroid disease and specific allergies can affect tear production or tear quality.
How to treat dry eyes
The good news is that there are several ways to treat dry eyes. Treatment methods can vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Here are some common recommendations:
Artificial tears and eye drops
- Over-the-counter artificial tears or eye drops, available in pharmacies and used several times a day, can help lubricate the eyes and relieve dryness.
Change your habits
- Reduce screen time: Take regular breaks to blink and allow your eyes to rest.
- Humidify indoor air: Use a humidifier to add moisture to your home or office air.
Modify the use of contact lenses
Opt for contact lenses specifically designed for dry eyes or limit the time you wear them.
Adjust your diet
- A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, found in oily fish such as salmon, flaxseed and walnuts, can improve tear quality and reduce dry eye symptoms.
Consult an optometrist
- If symptoms persist, it's essential to consult an optometrist. They can perform tests to determine the cause of dry eyes and recommend appropriate treatments, such as prescription medications or medical devices like tear plugs.
Dry eye is a common but treatable condition. Understanding the potential causes and taking steps to protect and moisturize your eyes can reduce discomfort and preserve your vision. Remember, consultation with an optometrist is essential for accurate diagnosis and personalized advice. Take care of your eyes - they're precious!
