Astigmatism is a common eye condition that affects vision at all distances. It is often overlooked or misunderstood, yet it can significantly impact the quality of life.
What is astigmatism?
Astigmatism occurs when the curvature of the eye's cornea or lens is not perfectly round. Instead of being spherical, like a soccer ball, it is more elliptical, like a football. This irregularity prevents light from focusing properly on the retina, resulting in blurred or distorted vision.
There are two main types of astigmatism
1. Corneal astigmatism: due to an irregularity in the cornea.
2. Lenticular astigmatism: caused by a deformation of the crystalline lens.
Symptoms of astigmatism
Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the astigmatism. The most common include:
• Blurred or distorted vision, both near and far.
• Eye fatigue, particularly after activities requiring visual concentration, such as reading or working on a screen.
• Frequent headaches.
• Difficulty perceiving details or differentiating between vertical, horizontal and oblique lines.
How is it diagnosed?
An Optometrist can diagnose astigmatism during a complete eye examination. The visual examination includes:
• A refraction test to assess the sharpness of your vision.
• Keratometry or corneal topography to measure the curvature of the cornea.
• Treatments available
Fortunately, astigmatism can be easily corrected thanks to several treatment options:
• Glasses: Corrective lenses are designed to compensate for irregularities in the corneal curvature.
• Contact lenses: Toric lenses are specifically adapted to correct astigmatism. Rigid or semi-rigid lenses can also be used.
• Refractive surgery: Procedures such as LASIK or PRK can reshape the cornea and permanently correct astigmatism.
• Intraocular lenses: For cataracts or severe astigmatism, corrective lenses implanted directly into the eye may be an option.
Preventing and managing astigmatism
Astigmatism cannot be prevented, as it is often genetic or caused by factors such as eye injury or surgery. However, with prompt treatment and regular check-ups, vision can be corrected effectively, reducing the associated discomfort.
Astigmatism is a common but manageable condition. If you are experiencing symptoms of blurred vision or eye fatigue, consult an Optometrist for a complete eye examination. You can regain clear vision and optimal visual comfort with the right solutions.
