You may have noticed small dark spots, strands, or dots that seem to float in your field of vision, especially when you look at a clear sky or a white screen. These phenomena are called floaters or “flying flies.” But should you be concerned?
What is a floater?
Floaters are tiny particles found inside the vitreous, the transparent gel that fills the inside of the eye. These particles cast shadows on the retina, creating the perception of small moving shapes.
Each person may perceive these floaters differently:
- Black or grayish spots
- Threads or cobwebs
- Spots that move when you move your eyes
Is this normal?
Yes, in the vast majority of cases, floaters are a normal and benign phenomenon. They usually appear with age, as the vitreous liquefies and detaches slightly from the retina. This is a natural process related to ocular aging.
Some people notice them more when they are tired, exposed to bright light, or after staring at a screen or plain surface for a long time.
When should you seek medical advice?
Although the presence of a few floaters is normal, certain signs should raise alarm bells and require prompt consultation with an optometrist or ophthalmologist:
- A sudden increase in the number of floaters
- The appearance of flashes of light (like flashes of light in your vision)
- A shadow or black curtain that obscures part of your field of vision
- Sudden blurred or decreased vision
These symptoms may indicate a tear or detachment of the retina, an ophthalmological emergency that must be treated quickly to protect your vision.
Can floaters be prevented or treated?
There is no way to prevent floaters from appearing, as they are most often related to the natural aging process of the eye. In most cases, they become less bothersome over time as the brain learns to ignore them. In rare cases where they are very numerous or debilitating, certain specialized surgical procedures may be considered, but these remain exceptional.
Floaters are part of the normal visual changes that many people experience over time. However, it is essential to remain alert to any sudden or unusual changes.
Your optometrist is the best person to assess your situation. Do not hesitate to make an appointment if you notice a worsening of your symptoms or if you are concerned about your vision.
